Association between smoking and anthropometric characteristics, biochemical markers, and dietary intake of Pakistani male adult population
Paracha, P.I., Khan, T., Vriesekoop, F., Salahuddin, M., Paracha, S.I., Uddin, Z., Ullah, N. and Asif, Y. (2015) Association between smoking and anthropometric characteristics, biochemical markers, and dietary intake of Pakistani male adult population. Advances in Food Technology and Nutritional Sciences - Open Journal, 1 (4). pp. 88-96.
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Abstract
Background/Objectives: A community-based study was conducted to compare the nutritional status between smokers and non-smokers in association with dietary, biochemical and socio- economic characteristics. Methods: A convenient sampling method was used to enroll 100 smokers and 99 non-smokers aged between 46 and 78 years from the urban and semi-urban areas of district Peshawar, Pakistan. Weight, height, waist and hip circumferences of the subjects were taken while body composition was determined by employing a Bodystat Analyzer. A blood sample was taken from each subject for the determination of serum vitamin A and zinc levels. Subjects were interviewed for a 24-hr dietary recall and demographic and socio-economic characteristics. Student’s t-test and bivariate analysis were conducted to compare the mean differences and examine the association between different variables of smoker and non-smoker groups. Results: The results revealed that there was no significant ( p>0.05) difference between the mean age, weight, height and body mass index of smokers and non smokers. However, the mean body fat, waist and hip circumference of the smokers were significantly (p <0.05) lower than the non-smokers. Conversely, the mean serum vitamin A (32.30±15.99 μg/dl) of smokers was significantly (p<0.05) higher than non-smokers (26.50±20.44 μg/dl) but the mean serum zinc concentration of smokers (99.76±27.42 μg/dl) was significantly lower than the non-smokers (108.25±32.20 μg/dl). Conclusions: The study concludes that anthropometric (body mass index), biochemical (vitamin A and zinc status), dietary (energy intake) and socio-economic (income, profession) characteristics failed to establish an association with smoking as most of the indicators of smokers are comparable to non-smokers.
| Item Type: | Article |
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| Keywords: | Smoking, Anthropometry, Vitamin A, Zinc, Dietary intake, Pakistan |
| Divisions: | Food, Land and Agribusiness Management |
| Depositing User: | Ms Kath Osborn |
| Date Deposited: | 14 Feb 2017 10:23 |
| Last Modified: | 22 Jul 2021 11:31 |
| URI: | https://hau.repository.guildhe.ac.uk/id/eprint/15246 |
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