Cryptosporidium prevalence in calves and its effect on local water quality prior to abstraction and treatment

Edwards, C., Katzer, F., Bartley, P.M., Roden, J. and Shaw, H.J. (2025) Cryptosporidium prevalence in calves and its effect on local water quality prior to abstraction and treatment. Current Research in Parasitology & Vector-Borne Diseases, 8. ISSN 2667114X

Text H Shaw Cryptosporidium prevalence in calves AAM OCR Upload.pdf - Accepted Version Available under License Creative Commons Attribution Non-commercial No Derivatives. Download (508kB)

Abstract

Cryptosporidium spp., particularly Cryptosporidium parvum, pose a significant threat to raw water quality and public health. Cryptosporidiosis, a gastrointestinal zoonotic disease, causes diarrhoea in dairy and beef production systems worldwide. Infected calves shed Cryptosporidium spp. oocysts in faeces, posing risks of contaminating surface water sources. Understanding the dynamics of Cryptosporidium contamination is crucial for effective water quality management. This study investigated Cryptosporidium spp. prevalence in neonatal calves and its potential impact on water quality before abstraction and treatment. The study analysed faecal samples from 1–3-week-old calves on two English dairy farms upstream of a water abstraction point. Initial screening used C. parvum immune chromatographic assays (ICT) on 47 faecal samples. This was followed by DNA extraction and species identification, with gp60 subtyping. Raw and treated water quality data were analysed to determine Cryptosporidium oocyst counts. Cryptosporidium parvum was the predominant species in calves at both farms, with gp60 subtype IIaA17G2R1 being the only subtype detected. Some calf samples revealed mixed infections with C. parvum and C. ryanae. Raw-water samples (n = 214) revealed a 50.00% positivity rate for Cryptosporidium oocysts, with 22.43% (24/107) containing C. parvum/C. hominis and the remainder 77.57% (83/107) C. andersoni. Water treatment significantly reduced oocyst counts (P < 0.001); however, due to the increase in popularity of bathing in rivers, oocysts present in raw river water may still prove a public health risk.

Item Type:	Article
Keywords:	Cryptosporidium, Calves, Water quality, Bathing rivers, Public health
Divisions:	Animal Health, Behaviour and Welfare (from 1.09.21)
Depositing User:	Mrs Susan Howe
Date Deposited:	09 Oct 2025 11:16
Last Modified:	09 Oct 2025 11:16
URI:	https://hau.repository.guildhe.ac.uk/id/eprint/18267

Actions (login required)

Edit Item